MDMA is the official scientific name for a drug commonly referred to as “ecstasy” or “molly.” It was originally synthesized in 1912 by the drug company Merck. In the 1970s MDMA was used to assist psychotherapy. After MDMA grew popular for recreational purposes it was banned in the U.S. in 1985, but remains a popular drug in the party and nightlife scene.
People who use MDMA describe themselves as feeling euphoric, open, accepting, unafraid, and connected to those around them, which is why it’s proven useful for therapy. Overdose from MDMA is possible but rare. More often, medical problems or death occur from mixing MDMA with alcohol or other drugs. Complications can also arise from preexisting health conditions, overexertion, dehydration, or when the drug has been adulterated or “cut” with other substances.
A frequent misconception is that the powder form, often called “molly,” is pure MDMA. Drug checking, also known as pill testing or adulterant screening, is one way to get more information about whether a drug contains MDMA or has been cut with other substances.
A dangerously high increase in body temperature, or heatstroke – is the most common health problem related to MDMA. Hyperthermia can result from physical exertion (such as dancing) in an overheated environment without taking breaks or replenishing fluids. In extreme cases, hyperthermia can cause liver, kidney or heart failure, or even death. Another concern for people who take MDMA is hyponatremia – drinking too much water – which causes the sodium in the blood to dilute to critically low levels.
There is no absolutely safe way to take a drug but experts recommend anyone using MDMA “start low, go slow,” and immediately seek medical attention for any complications.
